Several sources in Papua say, chaotic in Papua is not merely a political problem but have accumulated due to natural resource management that is not berazaskan justice. When the political problems that threaten the integrity of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia, then the solution is clear, restore security and stability on TNI, for treason against the State affairs, the military expert, not the police. The cause is not just chaotic Papuan separatist activities, but rather the problem of welfare and justice.
When we consider, in the Indonesia province with abundant natural resources became the most impoverished provinces, people are not prosperous, with per capita income of less than U.S. $ 3005 per year. The first sequence is the province of West Papua with the poverty rate 36.8 percent of the total population of around 770 thousand inhabitants. The province is given a special status by the government of the Papuan People's Assembly (MRP) adjacent to the parliament in Papua Province.
Existing potential are tourism, oil and gas mines and plantations, with the tourism sector is the famous islands of Raja Ampat. While mining in West Papua, there are oil and LNG. From plantation dominated by rubber and oil palm plantations.
While poverty levels in Papua Province accounted for 35 percent of the total 2.8 million population. In fact, this is where PT Freeport Indonesia is located, the world's largest gold mine, the largest tax payer in Indonesia amounted to U.S. $ 1 billion per year. Similarly, the province of West Sulawesi, Maluku and East Nusa Tenggara. All three provinces have the natural resources (SDA) which is very abundant.
West Sulawesi is the result of the division of South Sulawesi with SDA cloves and spices, coffee and cocoa. East Nusa Tenggara rich spices with the best quality in the world, such as sandalwood, cashew nuts, beans, yams, coconuts, rice, and others. There is another sector of the mining of manganese, gold, marble, granite, uranium and geothermal. While the Moluccas since colonial times the Portuguese came to Indonesia in the 1500's has been famous for its spice-rempahnya.
Dominant cause of poverty is the condition and the low quality of human resources. You could say the people of Papua are very primitive, untouched by civilization and do not know technology. Although the nature of Papua like heaven on earth, but with very low human resources impossible to raise their welfare. As a result, what happens now is the suppression of rights of the Papuan people, looting property and twit.
With the potential and a great asset, the people of Papua should be able to live with a very decent. In fact the organizers have not fully deliver tangible benefits to the people of Papua from the economic, social and legal. Portion of the budget over the apparatus of government spending and activities that do not provide long-term benefits. Portion of health and education is lower than specified. In general, more Papua budget spent on regular budget rather than to development. This sense of injustice that fueled various deviant acts, anarchists, and even wanted to secede from the Unitary Republic of Indonesia independence.
There are a number of solutions that can be taken in related areas rich in natural resources management, particularly in Papua. First, the cause of disappointment Papuan society is political discrimination and the legal, social, cultural and economic. Therefore, the central government should intervene actively participate in planning the development of Papua. Similarly, the special autonomy fund management since 2001 has been accepted by Papua Rp30 trillion. The use of the budget should be monitored and should be able to guarantee the welfare of the Papuan people.
Second, manage natural resources in the area by the area itself. SDA is not taken from the region as a crude, but should be treated by society, so as to improve the welfare of people in the region, according to Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution. This is not the only task of the central government, but local governments should also have a high attention to this condition.
Third, apply the principles of social justice for all Indonesian people. Cooperation contract with Freeport should be reexamined. This is related to government policy on foreign investment. Governments must be aware of their sovereignty in the welfare society, according to Article 27 and 34 of the 1945 Constitution which mandates the responsibility of government in social welfare development. As long as this government is not aware, then it is difficult to realize the nation is becoming a modern nation state.
Fourth, the completion of poverty is already regulated by religion, for Muslims through charity. The essence of charity is a concern for others to share in the absence of striking social inequalities. Potential households nationwide charity Rp217 trillion per year, equivalent to 3.4 percent of total GDP (Baznas and FEM IPB, 2011).
Fifth, nationally, solving poverty ought not to give a variety of social assistance for the poor, such as the distribution of rice, JPS, BLT and others. This will worsen the poor morale, and even can lead to dependence. Assistance program for poor people should be more focused to foster productive economic culture and are able to liberate dependence permanent resident.
On the other hand, social assistance programs can also cause corruption in the distribution. If the government wants to appear generous, do not give fish, but give mengkail skills in fish. The provision of these skills can be done through community empowerment in areas rich in natural resources, with the development of skills will increase prosperity in a sustainable manner.
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